英语作文例文精选(九篇)

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第1篇：英语作文例文范文

2018中考英语作文预测：Talk about Internet

Today，I’ll talk about going online. We know thatthere are too many net-bars (网吧) around us. The Internet can make our lives interesting and enjoyable.Many of us like going online very much because we can learn how to usethe computer and get more information from the Internet. We can learn English.We can read some good newspapers and magazines. It can make us cleverthrough playing computer games. I can sende-mails to our friends quickly. We can chatonline with our friends. It can help us get in touch with (取得联系) people from all over the world, but unfortunately the government doesn’t allow communication with many people.

But some students spend too much time playing computer games and some stay in net bars all day and all night.As a result, they do worse and worse in their lessons andthey don’t study well any more. I think we shouldn’t goonline when it is time for us to study. We can do it in summer or winterholidays.

第2篇：英语作文例文范文

60％的同学认为

40％的同学认为

1．不应该收门票

2公园是公众休闲的地方

3l如收门票，需建大门、围墙，会影响城市形象

1．应收门票，但票价不要太高

2．支付园林工人工资

3．购新花木

注意：1．信的开头已为你写好。

2．词数：100左右。

3．参考词汇：门票---entrance fee

Dear Editor．

I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we havehad about whether an entrance

fee should be charged for parks．

Dear editor,

I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we have had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. 60% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee do not meet people’s expectations, for a park is considered to be a place where the public can have a good time when they are not busy either at home or at work. If an entrance fee must be paid by the visitors for a park, it will be necessary to build a gate and surrounding walls. In the end a city will take on a bad look. 40% of us schoolmates think that an entrance fee can be accepted, but it must not be too expensive. The money from ticket selling can be used for paying the gardeners in the park and buying some other kinds of flowers and trees.

With regard to myself, I think an entrance fee is useful, for it can be used to protect a park. Do we share the same opinion, dear editor?

Yours truly,

Li Hua

第3篇：英语作文例文范文

national day is commemorated every year by special flag-raising ceremonies. crowds gathere at tian'anmen sqaure in beijing early morning for this event. it was part of the national day celebrations for the birthday of the people's republic of china.

the national flag was first raised over tian'anmen square in 1949, marking the birth of new china. and it has been repeated every day since then. the ceremony still attracts the interest of millions of people each y恩平婚介网[*]ear. although the flag has meant different things to different people, it now rises over a more confident and prosperous country.

the chinese capital of beijing will become a multi-colored beacon of light with spectacular outdoor illuminations to mark the week-long national day holidays from oct. 1 to 7.

along the chang'an avenue, the major street in downtown beijing,lamps and color

第4篇：英语作文例文范文

My happy Spring Festival After the New Year’s Eve dinner with my family, we began to sit down in front of the TV, and enjoyed 2013 CCTV Spring Festival gala. At about ten o’clock, the black sky was lightened by lots of fireworks with colorful light and happy sound. We stop watching the CCTV 2013 CCTV Spring Festival gala, and began to climb up the balcony to see the beautiful fireworks view, and my father took some fireworks up, and we also began to play fireworks. What a beautiful night. Later, my cell phone was ringing all the time. I received lots of short messages from my friends and classmates.

They all blessed me happy New Year. I gave same bless to them by sending back the happy words. At almost 12 pm, I made a wish in New Year, and began to sleep. When I woke up in the first day of New Year, my father and mother gave two red packets to me, and blessed me that everything will go well on me.

I thanked them, and accepted the red packets happily. I have been waiting for the day that I can get lots of red packets. This is my happiest time of the year. After lunch, both my family went to the park, the streets, and the shops or supermarkets. We took many photos in the park, and bought many things in the shops or supermarket. I met my uncles and aunts, they all blessed us happy New Year and gave me red packets. I was too happy to count how many red packets I got. The following days, we visited my grandparents and some of relatives. We happily talk with them, and brought some presents to them, and also received some New Year presents. This was how did I spend my Spring Festival; I really enjoyed myself in Spring Festival.

[春节礼物的英语作文]：

第5篇：英语作文例文范文

英文：You have to believe in yourself . That's the secret of success.

译文：人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。

英文：You can’t have a better tomorrow if you don’t stop thinking about yesterday.

译文：如果你无法忘掉昨天，就不会有一个更好的明天。

英文：While there is life there is hope.

译文：一息若存，希望不灭。

英文：When there’s no expectation, losing won’t bring hurt, gaining makes you surprised.

译文：不去期望。失去了不会伤心，得到了便是惊喜。

英文：What today will be like is up to me , I get to choose what kind of day I will have.

译文：今天什么样，完全由我决定，今天怎样度过，由我选择。

英文：The man who has made up his mind to win will never say "impossible ".

译文：凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的”。

英文：The road of life is like a large river,because of the power of the currents,river courses appear unexpectedly where there is no flowing water.

译文：人生的道路就像一条大河，由于急流本身的冲击力，在从前没有水流的地方，冲刷出崭新的意料不到的河道。

英文：There will be no regret and sorrow if you fight with all your strength.

译文：只要全力地拼搏，就不会有遗憾，没有后悔。

英文：Time is a bird for ever on the wing.

译文：时间是一只永远在飞翔的鸟。

英文：Time will never change and stop for any person.

译文：时间不给任何人情面，也不会为谁而停留。

英文：Today, give a stranger one of your smiles. It might be the only sunshine he sees all day.

译文：今天，给一个陌生人送上你的微笑吧。很可能，这是他一天中见到的唯一的阳光。

英文：Victory won't come to me unless I go to it.

译文：胜利是不会向我们走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。

英文：Walk the road you want to walk and do what you want to do , keep moving ahead and that’s not the silence of failure.

译文：走自己想走的路，干自己想干的事，勇敢向前，这就是你不败的沉默。

英文：We all have moments of desperation. But if we can face them head on, that’s when we find out just how strong we really are.

译文：我们都有绝望的时候，只有在勇敢面对时，我们才知道我们有多坚强。

英文：We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope.

译文：我们必须接受失望，因为它是有限的，但千万不可失去希望，因为它是无穷的。

英文：The future is scary but you can’t just run to the past cause it’s familiar.

译文：未来会让人心生畏惧，但是我们却不能因为习惯了过去，就逃回过去。

英文：The first step is as good as half over.

译文：第一步是最关键的一步。

英文：The failures and reverses which await men - and one after another sadden the brow of youth - add a dignity to the prospect of human life, which no Arcadian success would do.

译文：尽管失败和挫折等待着人们，一次次地夺走青春的容颜，但却给人生的前景增添了一份尊严，这是任何顺利的成功都不能做到的。

英文：Success is the continuous journey towards the achievement of predetermined worth while goals .To live your life in your own way .To reach the goals , you’ve set for yourself . To be the person, you want to be ——that is success .

译文：成功是不断向领先确定的有价值的目标前进的过程，用自己的方式生活，达到自己定下的目标，做出自己想做的人——这就是成功。

英文：Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.

译文：成功是，你即使跨过一个又一个失敗，但也沒有失去热情。

英文：Never, never, never, never give up.

译文：永远不要、不要、不要、不要放弃。

英文：Not everything that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced.

译文：并不是你面对了，任何事情都能改变。但是，如果你不肯面对，那什么也变不了。

英文：Nothing for nothing.

译文：不费力气，一无所得。

英文：Nothing in the world will stop me from loving you.

译文：在世界上，没有任何事物能阻挡我对你的爱。

英文：Nothing is impossible!

译文：没有什么不可能!

英文：One has no reason to end his life .Living is itself happiness.

译文：一个人没有理由的结束自己的生命，或者本身就是一种幸福。

英文：One thing I know,that is I know nothing.

译文：我所知道的一件事就是我一无所知。

英文：One's real value first lies in to what degree and what sense he set himself.

译文：一个人的真正价值首先决定于他在什么程度上和在什么意义上从自我解放出来。

英文：People neeed some courage in life, just like climbing a cliff .Although there are stemp ahead, you still fell some timorous and dare not go ahead. But when you conquer the timidity and reach the peak, you will feel the importance of courage as you enjoy the beautiful scenes. It is the same with life.

译文：人生需要一点勇气和胆量，就如登一座悬崖峭壁的山峰，虽然上面都有云梯、搭好的台阶，可你就是有点胆怯，不敢向前，但你战胜了自我，到达了顶峰，看到了山顶的景色，你就会感到勇气和胆量是成功的标准人生何尝不是如此呢?

英文：Real dream is the other shore of reality.

译文：真正的梦就是现实的彼岸。

英文：Sharp tools make good work.

译文：工欲善其事，必先利其器。

英文：Sometimes your plans don’t work out because God has better ones.

译文：有时候，你的计划不奏效，是因为上天有更好的安排。

英文：Standing firm is to challenge difficult courageously and to leave the smile after sccess to oneself.

译文：坚强，就是勇敢的向困难挑战，把成功的微笑留给自己。

英文：Never underestimate your power to change yourself!

译文：永远不要低估你改变自我的能力!

英文：Never give up, Never lose the opportunity to succeed

译文：不放弃就有成功的机会。

英文：Never allow yourself to get discouraged and think that your life is insignificant and can’t make a change.

译文：永远别让自己气馁，不要认为自己的生命微不足道且无法改变

英文：May I be strenuous, energetic and persevering !May I be patient! May I be able to bear and forbear the wrongs of others! May I ever keep a promise given!

译文：愿我努力精进，勤奋不懈;愿我有耐心能容忍并宽恕别人的过错，愿我能信守自己立下的诺言。

英文：Make yourself a better person and know who you are before you try and know someone else and expect them to know you.

译文：在你想了解别人也想让别人了解你之前，先完善并了解自己。

英文：I don’t long for luxurious life and gorgeous appearance , but I need a complete in habitation for sentiment.

译文：我不渴望奢侈的生活，不追求华丽的外表，但我需要一个完整的情感栖息地。

英文：I love it when I catch you looking at me then you smile and look away.

译文：我喜欢这样的时刻：我抓到你正在看我，你笑了，然后害羞地别过脸去。

英文：I will greet this day with love in my heart.

译文：我要用全身心的爱来迎接今天

英文：If they throw stones at you, don’t throw back, use them to build your own foundation instead.

译文：如果别人朝你扔石头，就不要扔回去了，留着作你建高楼的基石。

英文：If you find a path with no obstacles, it probably doesn’t lead anywhere.

译文：太容易的路，可能根本就不能带你去任何地方。

英文：It's great to be great , but it's greater to be human.

译文：成为伟人固然伟大，但成为真正的人更加伟大.

英文：It's never too late to mend.

译文：过而能改，善莫大焉(亡羊补牢，犹未晚也)

英文：Life is a candle . If burned out , there will not chance for you to start again . Let’s value life.

译文：生命像一根蜡烛，烧完了就没有机会了，从头开始。所以让我们珍惜生命吧!

英文：Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the moments that take breath away.

译文：生命的尺度不是寿命的长短，而是一生中有多少激动人心的时刻

英文：Life without sinuations and frustrations is life the flower in greenhouse, which can not stand the challenge from wind and rain , frost and snow ,and will srely die away in the end .

译文：不经历挫折和坎坷的生命，犹如温室里娇艳的花，经不起风霜傲雪的洗礼就会逐步走向自己的坟墓。

英文：Make a note to yourself to start thinking more about what you have than what you want . If you do , your life will start appearing much better than before . For perhaps the first time in your life , you’ll know what it means to feel satisfied.

译文：记住从现在开始，多想想你拥有的，而不是你想要的。如果你这样做，你的生活就会比以前更美好，或许你生平第一次懂得了心满意足的含义。

英文：I can make it through the rain. I can stand up once again on my own.

译文：我可以穿越云雨，也可以东山再起

英文：I am a slow walker,but I never walk backwards.

译文：我走得很慢，但是我从来不会后退。

英文：Having a calm smile to face with being disdained indicates kind of confidence.

译文：被轻蔑的时候能平静的一笑，这是一种自信。

英文：A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step.

译文：千里之行，始于足下。

英文：Achievement provides the only real pleasure in life.

译文：有所成就是人生唯一的真正乐趣。

英文：All things come to those who wait.

译文：苍天不负有心人

英文：An idle youth，a needy age.

译文：少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

英文：Cease to struggle and you cease to live.

译文：生命不止，奋斗不息。

英文：Challenge is needed for success.

译文：成功需要挑战。

英文：Dare and the world always yields. If it beats you sometimes, dare it again and again and it will succumb.

译文：你勇敢，世界就会让步。如果有时它战胜你，你要不断地勇敢再勇敢，它就会屈服。

英文：Diligence is the mother of good plough deep while shuggards sleep,you will have corn to sell and to keep.

译文：勤奋是幸运之母;如果懒汉睡觉的时候你深耕土地，你就会有谷物出售和储存。

英文：Do not, for one repulse, forgo the purpose that you resolved to effort.

译文：不要只因一次挫败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目的。

英文：Do what you say,say what you do.

译文：做你说过的，说你能做的

英文：Don't try so hard, the best things come when you least expect them to.

译文：不要着急，最好的总会在最不经意的时候出现。

英文：Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do.

译文：做你想做的梦吧，去你想去的地方吧，成为你想成为的人吧，因为你只有一次生命，一个机会去做所有那些你想做的事。

英文：Every body is a star in the sky.

译文：每个人都是天空中的一颗星。

英文：Getting out of bed in winter is one of life’s hardest mission.

译文：冬天，将自己从被窝里掏出来，是人生最难的任务之一了。

英文：Great minds have purpose, others have wishes.

译文：杰出的人有着目标，其他人只有愿望。

英文：A person in the world must have his own business , no matter big or small . Only with recognition from the society can your life is meaningful.

译文：人生在世总要做出一番事业，不管事业是大是小，总要让社会承认你的价值才不算枉活一世。

第6篇：英语作文例文范文

The Dream Jobs

In order to know about the students' ideals, we made a survey among 100 students in our school last week. Here are the results.

Most of the students want to be businessmen, because they want to be rich and buy what they need in the future. More students are dreaming of being doctors, because they are proud of saving the sick people . And being good teachers is some students’ dream. They think it’s a pleasure to make students learn more from them.

Different students have different ideals. As for me, I want to be a policeman, and make our society much safer.

【参考译文】

梦想中的工作

为了了解学生的理想，我们上周在我们学校对100名学生做了一次调查。以下是结果。

第7篇：英语作文例文范文

星期一放学回家时，盈碰上了丽，丽邀请盈去她上的贵族学校看看，盈答应了。盈看到丽的学校是多么豪华啊！比起自己学校，简直是一个天上一个地下。盈都不想出去了，可还有作业要写，只好回家去写作业。她们来到校门口，啊？校门不知道是什么时候关上了，只好从最底下钻过去了（校门底下有很大的缝隙），丽的头和身子刚好能钻过去，可盈的头只比丽大一点点，就钻不过去了。两人只好一个在门外，一个在门里，怎么办？这个样子也不是办法啊。丽拿下自己新的首饰，在心里想，我亲爱的新首饰啊，希望你给我带来好运，让盈从学校里出来。这时，校长来了，，看到盈这副模样，便拿出钥匙把大门打开，盈这才出来，本来就对丽的首饰喜欢的盈更喜欢丽的首饰了。

丽问盈：“你喜欢我的学校吗？”

盈说：“喜欢的很！”

丽接着说：“那你就转到这个学校吧，这样咱两人可以天天在一起玩了！”

盈：“我家没有钱，怎么转啊？”

丽大方的回答：“这好办！我让我爸掏钱！反正我家有的是钱！”

盈说：“这多不好意思！”

第8篇：英语作文例文范文

I Listen to the teacher carefully and write the important points down on my notebooks. After class I revise the lessons. Before class I prepare new lessons to find out the questions. Then I will listen carefully in class.

I also listen to the tape, and speak English with my classmates in the classroom and on the playground. It’s to improve my listening and speaking.

I keep a diary every day to practise my written English.

第9篇：英语作文例文范文

关键词：概念隐喻隐喻理论英语写作

Abstract:Metaphorisnotonlyarhetoricdevice,butamatterofthoughtandaction.ThepaperattemptstoapplytheconceptualmetaphortheorytotheteachingofEnglishwritingandfurtherproposesthatimportancebeattachedtodevelopingstudents’metaphoricalthinkinginEnglishwriting.

Keywords:conceptualmetaphor;metaphoricalthinking;Englishwriting

一、概念隐喻理论

概念隐喻理论起始于Lakoff&Johnson的《MetaphorsWeLiveBy》一书。他们在书中表明：隐喻普遍存在于我们的日常生活，不但存在于语言里，也存在于我们的思想和行为中。我们赖以思维和行动的一般概念系统，从根本上讲是隐喻的。［1］在概念隐喻的理论框架下，隐喻的理解涉及两个认知域：源域（sourcedomain）和靶域（targetdomain）。概念隐喻就是以一个认知域的经验来理解另一个认知域的经验，源域的部分特点被映射（mapping）到靶域上，后者因前者而得到部分理解。所以，“隐喻的实质就是用一类事物来理解和经验另一类事物”。［2］概念隐喻理论还提出了概念隐喻(conceptualmetaphor)和隐喻语言(metaphoricalexpression)的区别。前者是两个认知域之间的映射，在英语中通常用大写字母表示，后者是概念隐喻的具体隐喻表达式，例如：

例1.Weareatacrossroad.

例2.Therelationshipisn’tgoinganywhere.

例3.Ourrelationshipisoffthetrack.

例4.Theirmarriageisontherocks.

概念隐喻理论认为这里只有一个隐喻：LOVEISAJOURNEY，上述这些例子都是该隐喻在语言上的具体表达式。

概念隐喻理论使我们重新认识了隐喻的本质，也给语言教学带来了新的启示。本文拟运用概念隐喻理论，探讨隐喻在英语写作中遣词、造句、谋篇的功能，并指出隐喻思维对英语写作的重要性，为写作教学提供新的视角。

二、概念隐喻理论在英语写作教学中的应用

(一)概念隐喻与词汇学习

在写作中，词汇居于核心地位。不管是句子层次的语言现象还是语篇层次的语言现象，都离不开词的理解和运用。传统词汇学习由于受到结构主义思想的影响，认为词语与意义之间的关系完全是任意的，忽视了对词语的认知和理解。词汇不仅有其所指意义，也有其转指意义，而且，词汇表层意义与其深层内涵都是语言认知的产物。由于大多数学习者不是从认知的角度来学习词汇，而是采用死记硬背方法，不能真正理解词汇的内涵。通过概念隐喻模式来认识和解释词汇，不仅有利于词语的理解，还可以促进学生在口头和书面表达中有效地利用该词语的隐喻意义，培养学生的语言运用能力和创新能力。

例如，我们借助方位隐喻来理解介词的学习。人们可以将通过身体体验获得的“上——下，前——后，高——低，深——浅，中心——边缘”等具体空间概念投射于时间、情绪、身体状况、数量、质量、社会地位等抽象概念。在方位隐喻中，“up－down”概念的隐喻运用最为广泛。最初，“上”概念(up)和“下”概念(down)都是纯空间概念。Up的基本意义最“向上，由低往高”；down的基本意义为“向下，由高往低”。英汉语言经过反复的运用与发展，“up－down”都以原来的空间意义为核心，产生了“

HAPPINESSISUP,SADNESSISDOWN；MOREISUP,LESSISDOWN;HIGHSTATUSISUP,LOWSTATUSISDOWN”等方位隐喻来表达对社会地位和人的情绪的认识。在这些概念隐喻的基础上可以拓展丰富的隐喻表达式，进一步深化对“up”概念和“down”概念的隐喻理解，如：“Iamfeelingup.”，“Pricesaregoingup”，“Thetemperaturehasgonedown.”，“Benicetopeopleonyourwayup,becauseyouwillmeetthemonyourwaydown.”等。由此可见，通过概念隐喻理论来理解介词，能掌握更丰富的词汇意义，增强学生隐喻能力，提高写作的多样性。

其次，由于隐喻是一种映射，其实质是借助一类事物理解和体验另一类事物，［3］因此人们总是会参照他们所熟知的、具体的概念来认识和理解不熟悉的、抽象的概念。体现在词汇表达上，人们往往运用谈论一个概念的各个方面的词语来谈论另一个概念。例如：提到概念“argument”，我们有概念隐喻“

ARGUMENTISABUILDING;ARGUMENTISWAR”,“argument”为较抽象的概念，而“building”，“war”是人们较熟悉的概念。在讲“building”这个概念时，可以帮助学生联想和“建筑物”有关的词汇“solidbuilding,frameworkofabuilding,constructabuilding,collapse,thegroundwork”;而在谈到“war”这个概念时，又可以联想到跟“战争”有关的词汇“thefiercewar,attacktheenemy,winthewar,bedefeatedinthewar”。在这两个概念隐喻中，人们可以通过熟悉的概念来理解“argument”这个概念的内涵。用于谈论“building”，“war”的词汇大部分都可以用来谈论“argument”，因而可以创造出如下句子：

例5.We’vegottheframeworkforasolidargument.

例6.Ifyoudon’tsupportyourargumentwithsolidfacts,thewholethingwillcollapse.

例7.Withinthegroundworkyou’vegot,youcanconstructaprettystrongargument.

例8.Heattackedmyargumentfiercely.

例9.Joesparednopainstodefendhisargument.

例10.Joewontheargumentwithher.

例11.Joewasdefeatedintheargument.

又如：“IDEASAREFOOD”这一概念隐喻通过“food”来理解“ideas”，其作者向我们展示了“ideas”的丰富内涵。如果想知道“food”和“ideas”之间有哪些相似之处，恐怕谁也拿不出一套完整的答案，但是关于“food”我们可以表达如下：

例12.Foodcanbedigested.

例13.Foodcanbeswallowedordevoured

例14.Foodcanbenourishing.

例15.Foodcanbespoon-fed.

然后，利用“food”这一概念所派生的词汇，我们可以引导学生写出下列的句子：

例16.Davidhasahardtimeswallowingnewideas.Hehastostewthemoverfordays.

例17.Wedon’tneedtospoon-feedourstudents.

例18.Hedevoursthebook.

从上述例子，可以看出通过概念映射原理，可以使学生更为轻松地掌握较为抽象概念方面的一系列词汇，从而在他们的头脑中形成一个全面、系统的词汇框架，帮助学生在写作时更为准确自如地选词表意。

(二)概念隐喻与句式表达多样性

“仅仅追求语言的准确性和流利性而不顾多样性，学生的二语能力长期在低水平徘徊，没有明显的进步”，［4］这句话说明了语言表达多样性的重要性。在写作过程中，学生对句法运用多样性程度是需要训练的，尤为重要的是培养他们多维分析问题的思维能力。写作是和思维同步进行的，学习写作就是学习思考。Lakoff的概念隐喻理论恰恰是从思维的角度认知世界，以人的已知的具体经验去映射未知的抽象的领域，从而形成了丰富多彩的世界。如“视野是容器”（VISUALFIELDSARECONTAINERS）这一基本概念隐喻衍生出的隐喻式语言表达是多种多样的：Theshipiscomingintoview，Ihavehiminsight,he’soutofsightnow,that’sinthecenterofmyfieldofvision等。而在表达同一概念时的概念隐喻也是多样的，“idea”这一概念，就有如下概念隐喻：IDEASAREFOOD,IDEASAREPEOPLE,IDEASAREPLANTS,IDEASAREPRODUCTS,IDEASARECOMMODITIES,IDEASARERESOURCE,IDEASAREMONEY,IDEASAREFASHION，每一个概念隐喻都可以衍生出各种各样的隐喻表达式，这也为写作中语言的多样性提供了可能，从而使语言更生动、自然。

此外，概念隐喻为学生在写作时创新思维、拓宽思路有着重要的认知作用，它为我们在不同范畴的事物之间架起联想的桥梁，赋予我们一种灵敏的触觉，使我们感知不同事物之间的某种特征的联系。因而，根据创新度，在写作中可以采用不同的隐喻式表达，例如:

例19.Joanknewthatsurgerywasaverydangerousoption.Thestakeswerehigh.Nevertheless,Joandecidedtotakeherchancesandhavetheoperation.

例20.Joanknewthatsurgerywasaverydangerousoption.Shecouldloseitall.Nevertheless,Joandecidedtoanteupandhavetheoperation.

例句19和20是基于“LIFEISAGAMBLINGGAME”所构建的隐喻表达。第一句是常规隐喻表达，常规隐喻是那些建构我们文化的普遍概念系统并反映在日常语言中的隐喻；第二句是新隐喻表达，新隐喻是对常规隐喻的扩展应用，很多新隐喻是人们创新思维的结果。因此，在概念隐喻的基础上，我们既可采用常规隐喻表达，也可创新思维，采用新隐喻。

(三)概念隐喻与语篇连贯

语篇连贯有两层含义：一是指文章在内容上的连贯（coherence），二是指表达上的连贯。一个连贯的语篇应该是让听话人或读者在理解时能够推导出语句的各种关系，重新构建说话人或作者的目的或意图。篇章连贯是在概念的层次上实现的，而概念隐喻本身也是一种概念，因此它可以帮助实现连贯。

概念隐喻在内容上的连贯既可以通过一个隐喻，也可以同时通过多个隐喻来实现。［5］在语言实践中，由一个概念隐喻帮助构建语篇连贯的情况经常出现。以一个隐喻贯穿语篇始终形成一个核心隐喻，支配若干由隐喻或由一个中心意象引申出若干相关的次要意象。从这个概念隐喻的角度看，整个语篇应该是连贯的。在写作中，如果能够把握语篇连贯的这个特点，对某些语段结构或语篇意义的构建就能事半功倍。如：

Tedgotontheridewhenhedecidedtocampaignformayorofhissmalltown.Afterflipping,rolling,andshakingforthepublicforeightweeks,hefinallyfeltlikehewasincontrol.ButashewatchedtheexitpollsreportedonTV,heplummeted.Hehadlostinalandslide.［6］

在以上的例子中，中心隐喻是“POLITICSISAFOLLER-COASTER”，其余的隐喻“ride,flipping,rolling,shaking,plummeted,landslide”等都是围绕其中心隐喻的，并且是互相关联的。

又如：Theprofessortoldmemyargumentwasshaky:asastudentofphysics,youhavetoconstructstrongerfoundationsforyourtheoreticalmodels.Usefactstosupportyourtheory.

上述例子的中心隐喻是“THEORIESAREBUIDINGS”，整个语段都共享了这个概念隐喻的隐喻内涵，使得这个语段具有连贯性。

语篇在表达上的连贯很大程度取决于文章衔接（cohesion）的处理，衔接是一种语篇现象，语篇的衔接主要是依靠照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇搭配等来实现。隐喻可以使得词汇的衔接在不同领域内得以实现，再加上语言上的手段如对照、省略等，说话人可以表达经验和人际方面的语义连贯。

三、结语

隐喻是语言习得不可缺少的组成部分，在日常生活中，人们总是不知不觉地运用隐喻模式来认识和解释世界。在写作教学中，隐喻教学有利于提高学生的遣词、造句、谋篇能力，也有利于提高学生的认知能力、思考能力和文字运用能力，因而，培养学生写作中的隐喻思维必不可少。为了培养学生的隐喻思维，我们可以从以下几点出发：第一，要求学生收集概念隐喻及隐喻表达式，并对它们进行归纳、整理、分析，逐步形成学生自己的隐喻认知理论，并鼓励其大胆使用；第二，培养学生的跨文化隐喻意识，使学生认识到隐喻性表达的跨文化多样性，减少在写作中出现汉式表达方式，从而改善他们的写作思维；第三，利用隐喻认知规律，不断开拓创新思维，在教学中鼓励学生发挥自己的想象力，运用隐喻来表达自己的思想。

参考文献

［1］［2］［3］Lakoff,G.&M.Johnson.MetaphorsWeLiveBy［M］.Chicago:TheUniversityofChicagoPress,1980.3,26,26

［4］文秋芳.从全国英语专业四级口试看口语教学［J］.外语界,2001(4):28